Congenital Clubfoot: A Comprehensive Review

Although clubfoot (Congenital talipesequinovarus) is one of the most common congenital abnormalities affecting the lower limb with an incidence of one to two per 1000 live births, it remains a challenge not only to understand its genetic origins but also to provide effective longterm treatment. Its etiology remains aconundrum. It is increasingly being diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound with implications for prenatal counselling. The aim of the treatment is to obtain a painless and functional foot. Conservative treatment with Ponseti method of clubfoot is wellaccepted and has been reported to result in good correction ranging from as low as 50% to as high as 90%. Surgical treatment is indicated only after failure of conservative methods, with limited release also known as “a la carte” release. Objective: The aim of this review is to focus at etiology, clinical assessment, scoring and provides an overview of operative and non-operative treatment options.